Kisan bhai aksar bank, zarai taraqiati adare ya kisi shakhs se qarz lete waqt apni zameen zamanat ke tor par rakhte hain. Lekin qanoon ki zuban mein is amal ka sahih naam kya hai? Ye maloomat har zameendar, patwari aur revenue field staff ke liye bunyadi ahmiyat rakhti hai, kyunke ghalat lafz istemal karne se kagazat mein ghalat intiqal darj ho sakta hai. Aaiye aaj ke quiz mein is aham sawal ka jawab talash karte hain.
Aaj ka sawal
Qarz par zameen girvi rakhne ko kya kehte hain?
- A. Rehan (mortgage)
- B. Hiba
- C. Tabadla
- D. Iqrarnama
Durust jawab: A — Rehan (mortgage)
Durust jawab Rehan (mortgage) hai. Rehan ka matlab hai ke qarz ki wapsi ki zamanat ke liye zameen mein apna ek haq (interest) qarz dene wale ko muntaqil kar diya jaye. Is soorat mein zameen ki malkiyat aur aam tor par qabza qarz lene wale ke paas hi rehta hai, lekin qarz dene wale ko qanooni tor par ye haq hasil ho jata hai ke agar qarz waqt par ada na ho to wo adalat ke zariye zameen ki farokht se apni raqam wasool kar sake. Jese hi qarz poora ada ho jata hai, rehan khatam ho jata hai aur zameen par koi bojh baqi nahi rehta — ise rehan ka chhutkara (redemption) kehte hain.
Mutalliq qanoon ke hawale se, mortgage ki tareef Transfer of Property Act, 1882 mein di gayi hai, jo Pakistan mein ab bhi nafiz hai. Is qanoon ke tehat rehan ki mukhtalif surten hain — masalan sada rehan (simple mortgage) jismein qarz-dahinda ko adalat ke baghair farokht ka ikhtiyar nahi hota, aur qabza wala rehan (usufructuary mortgage) jismein qarz-dahinda zameen ka qabza le kar uski aamdani se qarz wasool karta hai. Revenue record mein rehan ka intiqal patwari darj karta hai, aur barri raqam ke rehan ke liye registered mortgage deed banwana qanooni taqaza hai.
Aam ghalat-fehmiyon se bachna bhi zaroori hai. Hiba (option B) ka matlab hai zameen ka muft tohfa — ismein qarz ka koi talluq nahi hota, is liye ye jawab ghalat hai. Tabadla (option C) do zameenon ka bahami tabadla hai, masalan do bhaiyon ka apas mein kheton ka adla-badli karna — yahan bhi qarz ka koi sawal nahi. Iqrarnama (option D) sirf ek tehreeri muahida hai; ye qarz ki zamanat ka koi qanooni haq paida nahi karta jab tak usmein rehan ki sharaet wazeh tor par darj na hon. Is liye qarz par zameen girvi rakhne ka sahih qanooni naam sirf Rehan hai.
Pas-manzar aur amli misalen
Amli zindagi mein rehan ki sab se aam misal bank se zarai qarz lena hai. Jab kisan fasal ke liye bank se qarz leta hai, to bank aksar zameen ko rehan rakhne ki shart lagata hai. Is soorat mein bank zameen ka malik nahi banta — wo sirf zamanat ka haqdar banta hai. Qarz ada karne par kisan “rehan chhurwane” ki darkhwast de kar apni zameen ka bojh khatam karwata hai, aur patwari record mein iska intiqal darj hota hai.
Ek aur aam misal niji qarz ki hai — masalan kisi rishtedar ya sahukar se raqam le kar zameen girvi rakhna. Yahan sab se barri ghalti ye hoti hai ke log zabani muahide par rehan kar lete hain aur koi tehreeri saboot nahi rakhte. Qanooni tor par rehan hamesha tehreeri shakal mein hona chahiye, behtar hai ke registered deed bane aur patwari ke record mein intiqal darj ho. Zabani rehan par tanaza hone ki soorat mein adalat mein saboot dena bohat mushkil ho jata hai.
Yaad rakhein: rehan karwane se pehle qarz ki sharaet — sood/markup ki sharah, wapsi ki muddat, aur na-adigi ki soorat mein nateejay — achhi tarah parh lein. Aur qarz ada hone ke baad rehan ka chhutkara (intiqal-e-rahn) foran darj karwayein, taake record saaf rahe aur aage zameen ki farokht ya wirasat mein koi rukawat na aaye.
Video dekhen
Is quiz ka short video yahan dekhen: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLIHI8XcYyiZo
#LandRevenueQuiz #Patwari #Enfokistan
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